Yellow amber: what is it?

Yellow amber what is it

There are around 50 different fossil resins in Europe, some of which contain inclusions (like this millipede).  Some have their own name: rumenite, glesite, etc.  © museumdetoulouse, Flickr, cc by nd 2.0

Yellow amber is a fossil oleoresin, because it comes from the fossilization of resins plants produced millions of years ago by gymnosperms, a group to which conifers belong.

Formation of amber over time

In a simplified way, the resin initially consists ofisoprenea molecule made up of five atoms of carbon. Over geological time, the preserved fractions of this resin will encounter conditions of temperature and pressure which will cause a polymerization isoprene. The resin thus becomessolid amberbefore eventually reaching us.

The resin may have stuck organisms when it drained out of the tree (mosquitoes, spiders, flies, etc.). They are found in the amber once it has formed: these are the inclusions.

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