Although rotavirus is most common in infants and young children, adults can also contract this virus. Outbreaks are observed more frequently, especially in densely populated places, nurseries and hospital environments. Public awareness and hygiene measures play a critical role in preventing rotavirus outbreaks. Washing hands regularly, isolating children who show symptoms of illness, and participating in vaccination programs are important steps to reduce the effects of rotavirus. In this way, societies can minimize the effects of rotavirus outbreaks and prepare children for a healthier future.
What is rotavirus?
Rota virus is an RNA virus belonging to the Reoviridae family. It is a microorganism that causes stomach and intestinal infections in humans and animals. Rota virus causes an infection characterized by severe diarrhea and vomiting, especially in young children. This virus is common worldwide and usually occurs in epidemics during the winter months.
Rota virus is transmitted by ingestion of infected droplets in feces or vomit, water and food. Hands that come into contact with food and water sources around infected people play an important role in the spread of the virus. This virus has an agent that bypasses the immune system and infects cells. The first infection is usually more severe and subsequent infections are usually milder. Rotavirus can remain infectious in patients’ feces for a long time, allowing the virus to spread easily.
What are the symptoms of rotavirus?
Rota virus can cause severe dehydration, especially in children under 5 years of age, which may require immediate attention. Vaccines can help reduce the effects of rotavirus infection, and vaccines are routinely administered to children in many countries around the world. These vaccines strengthen the immune system of children and reduce the severity and duration of the disease. Symptoms can often vary depending on the immune system status and age of the person infected with the virus. Rota virus symptoms are as follows:
- Watery, frequent and severe diarrhea is the most obvious symptom. 10 or more watery stools may occur per day. Diarrhea can increase the risk of dehydration.
- Usually, recurrent vomiting is another symptom of the disease. Vomiting can also increase dehydration from the body.
- Rota virus infection can often cause fever. Fever can usually range from mild to high.
- Discomfort, pain or cramping may occur in the abdominal area.
- General weakness, fatigue and loss of energy may occur.
- Rotavirus infection often leads to loss of appetite, which can lead to loss of body weight.
- Symptoms of dehydration such as feeling of thirst, dry mouth, sunken eyes, and decrease in the amount of urine may be observed.
- In some cases, rotavirus infection can also cause respiratory symptoms.
Rotavirus is an infection that usually clears up on its own, but should be monitored carefully due to the risk of dehydration, especially in young children and the elderly. It is important to contact a healthcare professional, especially when experiencing severe symptoms or signs of dehydration. Vaccinations provide an effective means of reducing the risk of rotavirus infection, so children should be included in routine vaccination schedules.
How is rotavirus treated?
Rota virus infection usually goes away on its own within a few days. However, patients who experience severe diarrhea and vomiting or show signs of dehydration may require hospitalization. Getting a rotavirus vaccine is the most effective method to prevent rotavirus infection. Rotavirus vaccine is administered to babies between 2 and 4 months of age. Vaccination significantly reduces the risk of rotavirus infection.
Methods used in the treatment of rotavirus are:
- It is important to drink plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration. For babies, breast milk or formula milk is the best option. Salt-sugar water or oral rehydration solution can be used in children.
- Antipyretics can help reduce fever and ensure patient comfort.
- Wash your hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds. Wash your hands, especially before eating, after using the toilet, and after contact with a sick person.
- After contact with a sick person, clean and disinfect the room and furniture.
- Have people who share a room with a sick person wash their hands frequently.
