While the panic over monkeypox virus has not yet subsided worldwide, experts are now making important warnings about the Oropouche virus. This virus, which is frequently seen in tropical regions, can cause serious health problems and fatal consequences. With cases also in Europe, it is emphasized that especially those who have recently traveled to risky areas should be careful. Experts state that the symptoms of the Oropouche virus can start with flu-like symptoms and rapidly worsen, and they emphasize that early diagnosis is vital. Public health officials say that hygiene rules should be followed and mosquito bites should be protected in order to prevent the spread of the infection.
What is Oropouche virus?
Oropouche virus is a virus that is common in tropical regions, especially in South America and the Caribbean. Discovered in 1955, this virus is transmitted to humans from the blood of animals such as sloths, monkeys and birds through mosquitoes and other insects. More than 10,000 cases have been reported since the beginning of 2024, and more than 500,000 people have been infected to date.
Oropouche virus manifests itself in humans with symptoms such as fever, headache, muscle and joint pain, and in some cases can also cause skin rashes. Oropouche is structurally and transmissibly similar to other arboviruses such as West Nile virus, Zika virus, and Dengue fever, and is among the serious health threats.
How is Oropouche virus transmitted?
Oropouche virus is transmitted through the bites of insects that have sucked the blood of an infected person. There is no evidence to date that it is transmitted through skin contact or through the air. However, a report published by the Brazilian Ministry of Health has indicated that there are indications that the virus can be transmitted from pregnant women to their babies. This highlights the need for further research into the potential effects of Oropouche virus on pregnancy and unborn children.
The reasons behind the increasing spread of the virus are thought to be factors such as urbanization, deforestation and climate change. Apart from humans, Oropouche virus is also seen in primates such as monkeys and sloths. In addition, scientists think that some bird species may also be affected by this virus.
What are the symptoms of Oropouche virus?
Oropouche virus symptoms appear as follows:
- High fever: This is the most common symptom that rises suddenly.
- Headache: An intense and widespread headache is experienced.
- Muscle and joint pain: Significant pain is felt in the body, especially in the muscles and joints.
- Rash: Itchy rashes may appear on the skin.
- Eye pain and sensitivity to light: Pain around the eyes and increased sensitivity to light may occur.
- Nausea and vomiting: In some cases, digestive symptoms such as nausea and vomiting may also occur.
- Fatigue and weakness: Patients often feel extreme fatigue and general weakness.
These symptoms usually begin a few days after infection and are mild in most cases, resolving on their own within a few days to a week. However, in some cases, symptoms may last longer and may negatively impact the patient’s daily life. There is no specific treatment for Oropouche virus, so treatment is usually aimed at relieving symptoms.
How is Oropouche virus treated?
There is currently no effective treatment for Oropouche. A study published in The Lancet Microbe evaluates outbreaks caused by the Oropouche virus as “a new threat to global health” and clearly states that there is a lack of adequate treatment research against this virus. The study emphasizes that more scientific studies and investment are required to prevent the spread of Oropouche and to develop effective treatment methods.
Doctors can prescribe a variety of medications to help ease patients’ uncomfortable symptoms, such as fever, pain, and nausea. However, these medications only help control symptoms and do not directly target the virus itself.
To prevent the spread of the virus, it is recommended that infected people use insect repellents. This can reduce the risk of transmitting the virus to others and help control the spread of the outbreak.
The current recommendations are summarized as follows:
He states that patients should get plenty of rest, receive symptomatic treatment, and receive regular medical monitoring. This approach can help patients manage their symptoms and is important to prevent potential complications.