Diagnosing fibromyalgia is usually based on the persistence and prevalence of symptoms. Diagnosis is made after a physical examination and detailed evaluation of symptoms, usually by excluding other diseases. Treatment is based on the severity of symptoms and the needs of the patient. Treatment options may include medications (painkillers, antidepressants), exercise programs, physical therapy, and psychological support.
What is fibromyalgia?
Fibromyalgia is a chronic medical condition characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain. Symptoms include widespread aches, fatigue, sleep disturbances, emotional stress, and, in some cases, increased sensitivity.
What are the symptoms of fibromyalgia?
The most obvious symptom of fibromyalgia is long-lasting and widespread pain in different parts of the body. This pain is often felt in the muscles, connective tissue, and around the joints. Other common fibromyalgia symptoms include:
- People with fibromyalgia often experience persistent fatigue, weakness, and lack of energy. This can lead to poor sleep quality and may continue even during rest.
- Sleep problems such as difficulty falling into deep sleep, waking up frequently, or not feeling rested in the morning are common.
- Emotional and cognitive symptoms such as anxiety, depression, difficulty concentrating, and forgetfulness may be common.
- Additional symptoms such as headache, digestive problems (for example, irritable bowel syndrome), and sensitivity (for example, increased sensitivity to light, sound, or touch) are also defining features of fibromyalgia.
- People with fibromyalgia may experience cognitive problems such as difficulty concentrating, memory problems, and difficulty finding words.
- People with fibromyalgia may experience frequent headaches.
- Tinnitus
- Dry mouth and eyes
- Menstrual irregularities
- Sensitive skin
- Sensitivity to cold or heat
How is fibromyalgia treated?
Fibromyalgia is a chronic condition characterized by widespread muscle pain, fatigue, and sleep problems. These symptoms can make daily life difficult and reduce quality of life. There is no cure for fibromyalgia, but there are things you can do to manage symptoms and improve quality of life. Here’s what people with fibromyalgia can do:
- Regular exercise
- Regular sleep
- Eating healthy
- Managing stress
- Medications may be prescribed for pain, fatigue, and sleep problems.
- Physiotherapy
- CBT can help you manage the stress, anxiety, and depression associated with fibromyalgia.
There are certain things that can make fibromyalgia symptoms worse. Here are some things fibromyalgia patients should not do:
- Excessive caffeine and alcohol consumption
- Drug and tobacco use
- Excessive exercise
- Excessive stress
- Insufficient sleep