Autism is a condition that is usually noticed in childhood, but sometimes symptoms can appear at later ages. Individuals can often have difficulty interacting with others, understanding emotional expression, and thinking flexibly. This condition may continue throughout their lives, but it is possible to improve individuals’ quality of life with early intervention, therapy and support. Autism reminds us that each individual has a special story and value. Understanding that this unique perspective enriches the diversity of society is the first step to raising awareness of autism and better understanding these individuals.
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental disorder that causes difficulties in social interaction and communication. ASD results from differences in the functioning of the brain. The exact cause of ASD is unknown. However, a combination of genetic and environmental factors is thought to play a role. There is no cure for ASD, but early intervention and support can help improve the quality of life of people with ASD.
Treatments for people with ASD may include education, therapy, and medication. Education helps people with ASD improve social skills, communication skills, and cognitive skills. Therapy helps people with ASD manage their emotions and improve coping skills. Medication can help people with ASD manage their symptoms, such as hyperactivity, impulsivity, or attention deficit. Families and teachers of people with ASD are also important for support. Families and teachers can help people with ASD get the support they need.
The lives of individuals with autism spectrum disorder require the support and understanding of their families, educators and society. Empathy, patience and openness are essential elements in communicating with autistic individuals and supporting their potential. Increasing awareness of autism can help us create a more inclusive world by ensuring society embraces and respects these individuals.
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can have a wide range of symptoms and vary in each individual. Symptoms of autism in adults usually persist from childhood, but these symptoms may evolve and change with age. In adulthood, symptoms of autism may often be milder and better hidden. However, general symptoms of autism can be observed in the areas of social interaction, communication and behavior. Common symptoms of autism:
- Having difficulty or being limited in making eye contact.
- Difficulty establishing emotional bonds with other people.
- Lack of participation in play or other social interaction activities.
- Delayed or limited language development.
- Monotony in using speaking voice or tone.
- Speech or language use that is inappropriate for social interaction.
- Repeating words (echolalia) or making meaningless sounds.
- Showing excessive interest in certain objects or topics.
- Repeating certain movements or behaviors.
- Excessive adherence to routines or sensitivity to changes.
- Stereotypic movements, such as waving hands or constantly arranging objects.
- Sensitivity or hyposensitivity to the sense organs.
- Overreaction or unresponsiveness to sensory stimuli such as sound, light, touch.
- Specific difficulties in the development of motor skills.
- Coordination problems or difficulty with certain physical activities.
- Showing intense interest in certain topics or activities.
- Excessive focus on these interests and difficulty paying attention to other things.
Autism symptoms can usually be noticed in early childhood, but in some cases symptoms may appear later. The severity of autism and the combination of symptoms can vary greatly from person to person. With early diagnosis and appropriate support, individuals can develop their strengths and live their lives more independently. It is important for an individual with symptoms of autism to be evaluated by a specialist health professional and receive support when necessary.
At what age does autism first appear?
Although the etiology of autism is not fully understood, it is believed to be a combination of genetic, environmental and neurological factors. Every autistic person has special abilities, interests and strengths. Some may have outstanding abilities in mathematics, while others may be brilliant in artistic creativity. This diversity allows us to see autism not as a disability but as a different perspective. In some people with ASD, symptoms may be noticed soon after birth or for up to 12 months. However, in most people with ASD, symptoms appear between 18 and 24 months. The earliest symptoms of ASD include:
- Reluctance to make eye contact
- Difficulty understanding others’ emotions or responding appropriately
- Difficulty understanding or remembering names or simple commands
- Delay or absence of language development
- Repetitive behaviors or interests
How to understand autism at 3 years old?
Autism symptoms at age 3 may vary depending on the child’s age and developmental level. For example, some 3-year-olds with autism may not have begun to talk, while others can speak simple sentences. While some 3-year-olds with autism may enjoy social interaction, others may avoid social interaction. For a definitive diagnosis of autism at age 3, the child must be evaluated by a specialist. This evaluation may include observing the child’s behavior, obtaining observations of the family and teachers, and evaluating the child’s language and cognitive skills.
To understand autism at the age of 3, it is important to observe that the child shows any of the following symptoms. Seeing any of these symptoms does not mean that the child may have autism. However, the presence of several of these symptoms indicates that the child should be consulted with a specialist to be evaluated for autism:
- Reluctance or difficulty making eye contact
- Difficulty understanding others’ emotions or responding appropriately
- Difficulty understanding or remembering names or simple commands
- Delay or absence of language development
- Repetitive behaviors or interests