The terms used in medical terminology are generally of Latin origin and are known by uncommon names among the public. For example, the organ known as kidney in Turkish is called “ren” in medical literature. Similarly, extremities are also parts of the body that are widely known but are expressed differently in medical language.
What is an extremity?
Extremities are the medical term for the arms and legs, which are extensions of the body. The human body is divided into two main extremity regions: the upper and lower extremities. The upper extremities refer to the arms, and the lower extremities refer to the legs. Extremities are the main limbs that allow us to move.
Extremity pain can occur for various reasons. Muscle strains, nerve compression, injuries are the most common causes. Diabetes, blood circulation problems, or infections can also cause extremity pain.
What does upper extremity mean?
The upper extremity includes the arms and related structures located above the waist. The shoulders, upper arms, forearms, wrists, and hands are included in the upper extremities. The muscles, bones, joints, and tendons in the upper extremities support this structure.
Some common disorders that may occur in the upper extremity include:
- Neck pain
- Carpal tunnel syndrome
- Ulnar neuropathy
- Adhesive capsulitis
- Epicondylitis
What does lower extremity mean?
The lower extremity includes the legs and related structures located below the waist. The hips, thighs, knees, legs and feet make up the lower extremity. In this area, muscles, bones, joints, ligaments and tendons perform important functions. The lower extremities are the main support and movement organs of the body.
Latin names of some commonly encountered muscle groups in the lower extremity are:
- M. gluteus maximus: It is one of the main muscles of the hip.
- Quadriceps femoris m.: It is located at the front of the thigh and helps straighten the leg.
- M. biceps femoris: It is located at the back of the thigh and helps bend the knee.
- M. gastrocnemius: It is one of the calf muscles, located in the lower part of the leg.
It is important for the extremities to be healthy so that the body can maintain mobility and balance. In case of extremity disorders, it is important to consult a health professional.