“ Vaccination prevents severe forms of Covid-19 disease. “Yes, yet some are vaccinated and still have a serious form. What is the profile of these patients? Among those vaccinated, what are the risk factors for being hospitalized or even dying from an infection with SARS-CoV-2?
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The risk factors of making a severe form of Covid-19 disease in unvaccinated people are clearly identified. It’s about age,obesityfrom diabetesof the Trisomy 21mental retardation, graft kidney or lung,renal failure terminal chronicle, or lung cancer. The vaccination is effective in preventing severe forms, even against the Omicron variant. Nevertheless, some patients with a complete vaccination schedule find themselves intubated in intensive care. What is the profile of these patients? The risk factors are they identical in the vaccinated and in the non-vaccinated? A EPI-Phare study covering 28 million people looked into the matter.
A study of 28 million vaccinated
EPI-Phare is a scientific interest group created in 2018. It independently carries out pharmacoepidemiology studies in order to inform the government in its health policy. EPI-Phare uses the National Health Data System (SNDS). It’s about a database containing all acts, consultations, and prescriptions for reimbursed drugs for all French people since 2006.
The study gate of all people with a complete vaccination schedule in France as of July 31, 2021, i.e. 28 million people. The follow-up of the participants started two weeks after the second injection (or the first for those who had been previously contaminated) and ended on August 31, 2021. The people were followed on average for 80 days.
Risk factors in vaccinees
The authors were able to identify 5,345 hospitalizations for Covid-19 and 996 deaths also linked to Covid-19. What were the characteristics of these fully vaccinated people who made a severe form of the disease ?
- Being elderly: people aged 85-89 were four times more likely to be hospitalized and 38 times more likely to die from SARS-CoV-2 infection than people aged 45-54.
- Being a man: the risks of hospitalization and death were respectively 1.6 and 2 times higher in men than in women.
- Being from a disadvantaged municipality: the risks of hospitalization and death were respectively 1.3 and 1.5 times higher among those from a disadvantaged municipality than among those from an advantaged municipality.
- Having a chronic condition: The chronic condition representing the strongest risk factor was kidney transplantation, followed by lung transplantation.
- Have a treatment long course by immunosuppressants or by corticosteroids oral, which is the case for transplant recipients.
Among those fully vaccinated and hospitalized, only 10% had no comorbidity. Among those fully vaccinated and deceased, only 2% had no comorbidity.
In conclusion, the risk factors in vaccinated people are essentially the same as in unvaccinated people. On the other hand, there are far fewer people without comorbidity and hospitalized or deceased from Covid-19 among the vaccinated than among the non-vaccinated.
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