Whether for video chatting with loved ones or for remote work meetings, the webcam is now an essential accessory on any computer. Here is a selection and advice to help you choose a model that suits your needs.
With the development of teleworking, remote meetings, video calls between friends and virtual aperitifs, the webcam has become an essential accessory on the computer. Some even use it to go to job interviews, broadcast “live” streams, record video tutorials or even share games on specialized networks. In short, there is no longer any question of doing without it these days!
At first glance, you might think that “external” webcams are reserved only for classic tower-type desktop computers, since laptops and “all-in-one” PCs always include one. In reality, the standard on-board cameras are not all of good quality, with manufacturers often making savings on “accessory” items. In practically all cases, it is therefore preferable to equip yourself with a real independent webcam which, not only will offer a better image, but in addition can be arranged more freely than on the screen.
However, not all webcams are equal, far from it! And if, as always, reading the technical specifications does not replace real usage tests, certain criteria must be examined to choose a model.
- Compatibility : With a few rare and expensive exceptions, all current webcams connect via USB to any computer using their cable. Generally, there are no drivers to install, the camera being automatically recognized by modern operating systems such as Windows 10 or macOS, which then make them available to all applications that need them (Skype, Zoom, FaceTime, etc.). Some models are also compatible with other devices, including game consoles. A detail to check if you need it.
- The definition : as on digital cameras and smartphones, the definition of the optical sensor determines the precision of the image, and therefore in part its quality. The current standard is 1280 x 720 pixels (HD), sufficient for most uses, but there are many models up to 1920 x 1080 pixels (Full HD). There are even webcams for professional purposes offering a definition (3,840 × 2,160 pixels (Ultra HD or 4K). A very high definition, which has a direct impact on the quantity of data to be transmitted. Please note: high definition does not does not always rhyme with high quality, because the optics and on-board electronics play a very important role. Better a good HD webcam than a bad Full HD camera which will give a dull and blurry image…
- Video bitrate: the fluidity of a video is measured in number of frames per second (i/s in French or fps in English documentation). The minimum to have a natural rendering, without jerking, is 30 fps, but some models go up to 60 fps. It’s nice, but the video bit rate increases accordingly and can saturate the bandwidth of the “outgoing” connection, especially if the definition is high (in Full HD, for example).
- The encoding: rarely highlighted in documentation, the video encoding format is important for image and sound quality. When possible, it is better to choose a webcam encoding directly in H.264, a format offering an excellent quality/speed ratio.
- The viewing angle: the webcam lens covers an area defined by an angle measured in degrees (°). The wider this angle, the more the camera can “see” elements or people in a single room, with the risk of a slight distortion of the image. Conversely, a smaller angle is preferable to see only one person.
- The manufacturer software: some webcams are delivered with specific software allowing you to adjust various audio and video parameters (color rendering, brightness, etc.) and sometimes offering additional functions, often not offered by the operating system. A tool that can be essential for experienced and demanding users.
- The built-in microphone: almost all current webcams incorporate an omnidirectional microphone, which avoids having to connect an external microphone. Many use two (in stereo), but mainly to attenuate or eliminate ambient noise. The manufacturers rarely give details, but the audio quality varies enormously from one model to another. To be checked by tests or opinions, because a bad microphone can make a discussion difficult or even painful with crackling or muffled sound. A very important criterion for players who stream on Twitch, for example.
- Fixing and Orientation : most webcams are placed on the screen of a computer using a clamp that holds them in place. But some can also be fixed on a tripod, which allows them to be placed elsewhere. In addition, some cameras are mounted on a ball joint which allows them to be oriented in several directions while others are fixed.
- The lens cover and LEDs: many models have indicator lights indicating that the webcam is working. Some also have a removable cover to hide the lens, in order to avoid any pirate indiscretion. Much more practical than a piece of adhesive tape to preserve your privacy!