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Dr Gérald Kierzek (Medical Director)
Sometimes called a “brain attack”, a stroke is either the obstruction or rupture of a blood vessel in the brain. However, around 10% of cases concern young adults, under 45 years old. What are the symptoms and treatment? The answers of Dr Gérald Kierzek.
In France, there are 150,000 strokes each year, 10% of which concern young patients, aged 45 or younger. What are the specificities of this pathology in young people? The symptoms? The care ? The details with Dr Gérald Kierzek, emergency doctor and medical director of Doctissimo.
Stroke in young people presents certain specificities
According to Dr. Gérald Kierzek, stroke in young people has certain specificities compared to strokes occurring in older people. Particularly regarding risk factors. “They are different from those affecting the elderly“, he says.
We can notably cite:
- congenital heart defects;
- blood clotting disorders;
- autoimmune diseases (such as lupus);
- illicit drug use (link with cannabis use);
- migraines with aura;
- hormonal contraception (especially among smokers);
- pregnancy and the postpartum period.
What are the symptoms of stroke in young people?
Unlike risk factors, stroke symptoms are “generally similar to those of older adults” indicates the doctor. But be careful, he warns, “these symptoms may initially be misattributed to migraines, epileptic seizures or other neurological disorders in young patients, which may delay diagnosis“.
Symptoms to be aware of include:
- sudden weakness or numbness on one side of the body;
- speech or comprehension disorders;
- loss of vision in one or both eyes;
- severe dizziness or loss of balance;
- severe and sudden headaches.
What is the care for these young patients?
“Stroke management in young people generally follows the same principles as for older adults” explains Gérald Kierzek. “And if in doubt, don’t hesitate to call 15 so as not to waste a minute“. Imaging (MRI or CT scan) will be carried out immediately to define the type of stroke and the nature of the intervention, depending on whether it is an ischemic (blocked vessel) or hemorrhagic (ruptured vessel) stroke. . Transfer to a specialized neurovascular unit allows diagnosis and care to be optimized.
“Subsequently, rehabilitation is crucial and may be particularly effective in young patients due to greater brain plasticity” explains our expert again. This involves:
- physiotherapy;
- occupational therapy;
- speech therapy;
- psychological support.
“It is important to emphasize that recovery after stroke can be faster and more complete in young patients thanks to brain plasticity. However, long-term follow-up is essential to prevent recurrences and manage possible after-effects.” concludes Gérald Kierzek.
Slide: Everything you need to know about stroke and its symptoms