The ozone layer filters ultraviolet radiation, which is harmful to health. What are the consequences of the depletion of the ozone layer on the skin, the eyes, the immune system? How to protect yourself?
Definition: what is the role of the ozone layer?
We distinguish the ozone layerlocated in the stratosphere, which protects humans from ultraviolet (UV) rays, and ozone which is found in the troposphere, at low altitude, and which is a secondary pollutant resulting from the interaction of nitrogen oxide and volatile organic compounds (VOC) under the effect of light. The ozone layer, or stratospheric ozone, absorbs ultraviolet radiation and decreases the amount at the surface of the earth. The ozone layer has a hole at the poles, especially Antarctica. This is due to low temperatures and emissions of chlorinated or brominated industrial gases. It forms each year in winter under the effect of very low temperatures and gradually fills up in spring.
What are the effects of ozone layer depletion on the skin?
The depletion of the ozone layer causes a decrease in ozone in the stratosphere And greater UV exposure. “Exposure of the skin to ultraviolet radiation is a risk factor for skin cancer and more particularly, of malignant melanoma. People with fair skin and hair are particularly at risk“, says Dr. Jean Lefèvre.
What are the effects of ozone layer depletion on the eyes?
Ultraviolet rays can reach many parts of the eye, including retina, lens, cornea and conjunctiva. Damage that increases in particular the risk of cataracts and presbyopia, AMD.
What are the effects of the ozone layer on immunity?
“UV rays also reach the DNA of cells and induce a drop in immunity, making us more vulnerable to infections“, informs the specialist.
“We do not protect ourselves from the effects of the reduction of the ozone layer, protect yourself from UV raysalways present with sunlight, especially around noon, especially as you go up in altitude or get closer to the equator, nuance Dr. Jean Lefèvre. Protection against the reduction of the ozone layer can only be collective, through laws and international agreements prohibiting products that promote this reduction (Montreal Protocol signed by 24 countries in 1987 prohibiting CFCs)“.
Thanks to Dr. Jean Lefèvre, doctor, active member of the association health environment France (ASEF)