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[EN VIDÉO] Monkey pox, should we be worried about it? What are the symptoms, the modes of transmission and how to treat it? Monkey pox or Monkeypox is beginning to worry people.
While more than 20,000 cases of smallpox monkeys are now confirmed outside Africa, the disease claims its first victims.
On the same day, July 30, 2022, the death of two people in Spain and another in Brazil, was announced. August 2, 2022 is India that communicates on the first monkeypox death on the Asian continent. The death toll outside Africa so far is 4, compared to more than 75 in African countries where the disease is endemic.
The first monkeypox deaths
Little information is available concerning the profile of the deceased. The Spanish government said the two people who died were young men. In Brazil, the first victim of monkey pox was 41 years old and had other serious health problems, including immune. In India, the patient seems to have been contaminated in the United Arab Emirates. Upon his return to India, he was hospitalized on July 21, and contracted a fever and pain intense on July 26. He died a few days later.
Anyone can be infected with this virus through close contact with a patient.
With the progress ofepidemic, further deaths are expected. The strain that circulates outside Africa is not very lethal, 1% of cases, but can cause serious forms of the disease. Indeed, about 10% of infected people must be hospitalized. Even though most cases of monkeypox are in men who have sex with men, anyone can get infected with it. virusduring close contact with a patient.
WHO calls on the international community to put in place sanitary measures to constrain the circulation of the virus in this community, and to extend them to the most vulnerable people (children, pregnant women and the immunocompromised). In France, the vaccination is possible for people considered to be at risk.
Staphylococcus aureus, terror of hospitals Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus aureus, is not an inherently dangerous bacteria for mankind. Most of the time, it only causes small mild infections. But this sneaky woman sometimes hides in hospitals, and takes advantage of a lesion to insert herself into a weakened patient to colonize him and cause sepsis. There is always time to subject her to antibiotics… but she is showing herself to be more and more insensitive to the drugs that are being used against her and is developing a growing resistance! © NIAID, Flickr, cc by 2.0
Neisseria meningitidis, main cause of meningitis Meningitis knows not one, but many culprits. Among the most serious bacterial forms, the main culprit is Neisseria meningitidis, involved in 90% of cases. If there were no treatments, the infection would almost certainly be fatal. Despite antibiotics, one in five newborns and one in four adults succumb to this infection of the meninges. © Sanofi Pasteur, Flickr, CC by-nc-nd 2.0
The hepatitis B virus, this terribly infectious STD We talk about it less than HIV, yet it deserves our full attention. The hepatitis B virus is transmitted a hundred times better than the AIDS virus during sexual relations and then attacks the cells of the liver. Most often, the disease does not progress much and the patient does not feel anything. But sometimes, hepatitis becomes chronic, as in more than 300 million patients, and gradually destroys liver cells, leading to cirrhosis or liver cancer, which is very difficult to treat. © Sanofi Pasteur, Flickr, CC by-nc-nd 2.0
The rabies virus, the bite that causes carnage Thanks to the work of Louis Pasteur, rabies has clearly declined in the world. There are still more than 50,000 human deaths on the planet in 2004 because of the virus of the rhabdoviridae family. Transmitted by bite, it rushes straight into the nervous system and wreaks such havoc that death is almost inevitable. Fortunately, the vaccines are there! © Sanofi Pasteur, Flickr, CC by-nc-nd 2.0
Yersinia pestis, the bacterium responsible for plague epidemics Who doesn’t remember those history lessons evoking the plague epidemics in the Middle Ages? Behind all this hides Yersinia pestis, a bacterium that first attacks rodents before attacking humans. The disease most often existing in bubonic form (a bubo being an inflammation and enlargement of a ganglion), it can evolve into septicaemic plague and become more deadly and more contagious. In the history of humanity, its mortality is difficult to assess but it is very probably responsible for more than 100 million victims. © NIAID
Bacillus anthracis, the bacterium that causes anthrax Anthrax, or anthrax, is caused by a bacterium called Bacillus anthracis, or anthrax. Most often, it enters the body through a wound in the skin. The body then manages to get rid of it on its own. On the other hand, when the spores of the bacteria are swallowed or breathed in, it’s a whole different story. By air, it is not far from being fatal in 100% of cases. This is why it inspires bioterrorists so much. © Janice Haney Carr, CDC
Hantaviruses and their terrible pulmonary syndrome Hantaviruses are a little different from the other pathogens presented in this slideshow: they prefer to attack rodents but, sometimes, in an unfortunate way, they can infect a human. In these cases, their action can be overwhelming. Causing hemorrhagic fevers or hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, they are occasionally very aggressive and commonly fatal. The Sin Number virus, or Sin Number virus (SNV), which we see in the picture, strikes rarely, but surely. © Brian et al., CDC
The Marburg virus, a real killing machine The Marburg virus is designed to kill but still remains a little less deadly than its Ebola cousin. Also causing haemorrhagic fevers, this filovirus kills more than 80% of the people it infects. Its transmission from man to man is nevertheless relatively difficult since it requires very close contact between individuals, with transmission through stool, vomiting, urine or saliva. © Frederic Murphy, CDC
Dengue virus is gaining ground It is far from being the deadliest and most pathogenic on this list, but it should not be overlooked. The dengue virus, transmitted by mosquitoes of the genus Aedes, infects between 50 and 100 million people worldwide. For 500,000 people, especially children, the disease presents itself in a severe form which kills 10,000 souls. Major problem: it has been on the rise in recent decades. He who was limited to nine countries before 1970 now affects a hundred states. © Sanofi Pasteur, Flickr, CC by-nc-nd 2.0
Ebola, the virus with the highest mortality? Known since 1976, the Ebola virus, named after a Congolese river, is one of the deadliest. Some of its strains cause hemorrhagic fevers that kill in 90% of cases. This virus has caused several epidemics in Africa, notably in Sierra Leone, Guinea and Liberia, claiming several thousand victims. Unfortunately, there is no preventive or therapeutic treatment against this terrible scourge. © Frederic Murphy, CDC
The Spanish flu virus, that devastating epidemic of 1918 The year 1918 was very deadly, on the one hand because the fighting was still taking place in Europe and even beyond, on the other hand because a particularly virulent strain of H1N1 influenza raged throughout the world. It would have infected one in two Earthlings, or 500 million people at the time, and would have claimed between 30 and 100 million victims, according to estimates. A true weapon of mass destruction… © Terrence Tumpey, CDC
Clostridium botulinum, the bacterium that poisons botox Clostridium botulinum has its own technique for committing its murders: the bacterium prefers poisoning. Indeed, it produces one of the most powerful toxins in the world, botulinum toxin. This molecule resists high heat and the acidity of the digestive system, so that when it is ingested, it enters the circulation and will block nerve communication, leading to sometimes fatal paralysis. © CDC
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the deadly agent of tuberculosis Having become rare in France as in rich countries since the introduction of BCG, tuberculosis nevertheless continues its murderous work throughout the world. In 2010 alone, the bacterium responsible, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, infected 8.8 million people and killed 1.4 million of them, attacking their lungs. The bacterium has been around for 3 million years. © Janice Haney Carr, CDC
Virus A H5N1, at the origin of the flu that is shaking the world Appearing in 1997 in Hong Kong, it was only 9 years later that the H5N1 flu caused the whole Earth to panic. The virus (here in gold in dog cells), transmitted to humans only by infected birds, is fatal in 60% of cases. In August 2012, the WHO counted 608 people who had contracted the virus since its inception, for 359 deaths, even if many mild or asymptomatic cases could not have been counted. Scientists nevertheless remain worried, because the pathogen is still circulating in nature and we know that a few mutations could be enough for it to become contagious in the human species. In this case, the deaths could be counted in the millions… © CDC
HIV: the AIDS virus and its 30 million victims Since 1981 and the date of its discovery, HIV (the little green balls in the picture) has killed around 30 million people worldwide and is still spreading. This retrovirus causes AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) and ravages especially poor countries, those of the African continent in the lead. However, there are therapies that hinder the progression of the virus in the body and allow patients to live with HIV without declaring AIDS for very long years. But these are struggling to be exported outside the rich countries. © Goldsmith et al., CDC
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