Microplastic fragments have been found for the first time in freshly fallen snow in Antarctica. Scientists from the University of Canterbury in New Zealand, who collected snow samples from 19 sites, found that small pieces of plastic were found in each sample.
Microplastics are formed by the erosion of plastic materials, and each one is smaller than a grain of rice, so they are not always visible to the naked eye.
Scientists found an average of 29 pieces of microplastic in a liter of melted snow.
While 13 different types of plastic were identified, the most common was polyethylene terephthalate (PET), used in soft drink bottles and clothing. This type of plastic was found in 79 percent of the samples.
Where did they come from?
“The most likely source of these airborne microplastics is local scientific research centers,” said Alex Aves, one of the scientists who led the research, in an article for the journal Cryosphere.
“However, our modeling shows that the source may be as far as 6,000 kilometers away,” he said.
Past studies have detected microplastic contamination in Antarctic sea ice and surface water. However, this is the first time that microplastic has been found in freshly fallen snow.
A comprehensive study published last year in the journal Studies of the National Academy of Sciences found that microplastics are in motion around the world, traveling by dust, wind and ocean currents.
In 2020, scientists found microplastic particles near the summit of Mount Everest. These particles can also be seen in the depths of the oceans.
Why is the new discovery cause for concern?
This type of pollution can have both local and far more extensive effects.
“Harmful substances such as heavy metals or algae may have adhered to the surfaces of microplastics,” said Laura Revell of the University of Canterbury.
Experts also say that humans inhale and digest microplastics through air, water and food.
There are not many studies on the effect of microplastics on human health.
However, a study conducted by Hull York Medical School and Hull University last year revealed that high levels of microplastics in the human body can lead to cell death and allergic reactions.
Also, as snow-covered regions around the world and glaciers are melting rapidly, scientists warn that dark microplastics will worsen global warming and the climate crisis by drawing sunlight onto themselves and increasing local warming.