COP29 in Baku has ended and eyes are already turning towards COP30 in Belém. The 29th United Nations conference on climate change has set the obligation for rich countries to finance 300 billion dollars per year by 2035. Next year, the COP will be at the gates of the Amazon rainforest, in Belém, and Brazil wants it to be more ambitious.
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Brazil has a “ great responsibility “. With a closed face and a serious expression, Marina Silva warns: there is an urgent need to act. Brazil’s Minister of the Environment is even calling the next Climate Conference of the Parties the “COP of COPs”. The meeting given in Belém, in Amazonwill be difficult. It will take trust and solidarity between the parties, according to the minister.
It is necessary to cooperate with each other… just as a sense of solidarity is necessary.
Marina Silva, Brazilian Minister of the Environment, on COP30
COP30 will take place 10 years after the Paris agreement, in a symbolic territory, at the gates of the Amazon forest. The aim will be to focus on nationally determined contributions, NDCs, which embody each country’s efforts to reduce their national emissions and adapt to the effects of climate change.
For this, Brazil wants to serve as an example, with its president, Lula, committed to an objective “ zero deforestation “. By 2024, deforestation in the Amazon will fall by 30%, the largest decline in the last 15 years.
Contradictions
For the third consecutive year, COP30 will be held in a country that plans to increase its national hydrocarbon production, following COP28 in the United Arab Emirates and the COP29 in Azerbaijan.
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Brazil does not “ will not steal » of the debate on the exit from fossil fuels, declared Brazilian Climate Secretary Ana Toni, even though the country is a major oil producer. For Ana Toni, who previously worked for environmental NGOs including Greenpeace, Brazil has always been a great defender of the climate. “ We were the first to say: let’s stop deforestation. We will do the same with fossil fuels “, she told AFP.
However, she recognizes that Brazil shares “ contradictions » similar to those of the United States and Norway, two major oil producers which, at the same time, advocate for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.
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COP30 will also take place in a complicated geopolitical context, with the return to the White House of a climate skeptic. The shadow of Donald Trump has hovered over this COP29, because it will be difficult to sign firm agreements without the commitment of the United States.