Hypertension: the cortisol level should not be exceeded

Cortisol is an essential hormone for our body. Made by the adrenal glands, located just above the kidneys, it allows the regulation of lipids in the body, proteins, ions and water. But not only that. “It has several functions, including the regulation of blood pressure and the regulation of sugar metabolism”explains Dr Pierre Nys, endocrinologist-nutritionist. “It’s also the stress response hormone.” It is secreted significantly when the body is attacked. Cortisol levels vary throughout the day. Its highest rate is at 8 a.m. then it decreases until the next day at 4 a.m. To diagnose adrenal disorders, a blood test is therefore taken in the morning at 8 a.m., preferably on an empty stomach. A certain level should not be exceeded, as this could increase the risk of cardiovascular problems.

Adrenal dysregulation occurs when cortisol levels are too low or too high. When it is too low, it can cause intense fatigue, low blood pressure, hypoglycemia or even digestive problems. “Low levels of cortisol in the body can lead to Addison’s disease, an autoimmune reaction in which the immune system destroys the outer part of the adrenal gland.”continues Dr Nys. “Conversely, too high a cortisol level can imply Cushing’s syndrome, which results in an endogenous excess of glucocorticoids (essential metabolic hormones, editor’s note).” This high rate can lead to cardiovascular problems including myocardial infarction or even a stroke. According to our expert, hypersecretion of the adrenal glands can cause the following symptoms:

When you notice these symptoms, it is necessary to make an appointment with a doctor who will request a blood test, called “cortisolemia”. Taken at 8 a.m., normal cortisol levels range from 5 to 25 mcg/dL (138 to 690 nmol/L). When taking a blood sample, the dosage must be carried out quickly, otherwise there is a risk of a false result. Finally, certain medications can be prescribed to lower cortisol levels.