Meningitis is a serious infection characterized by inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. It may be bacterial, viral or fungal in origin. Among the most common is bacterial meningitis, especially the type caused by meningococcus bacteria. Meningitis is an emergency condition that can lead to serious health problems and even death.
What is meningitis?
Meningitis is inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. These membranes are thin layers of tissue that help protect the brain and spinal cord from infection. Meningitis can be caused by a variety of microorganisms, including viruses, bacteria, fungi, or parasites. Symptoms of meningitis include:
- sudden headache
- Nausea and vomiting
- stiff neck
- sensitivity to light
- Drowsiness or confusion
- Muscle pains
- Rash in some cases
How is meningitis treated?
Treatment for meningitis varies depending on the underlying cause. Antibiotic treatment and supportive drug treatments can be used in bacterial meningitis. Since antibiotics do not respond to viral meningitis, antiviral drugs and other supportive treatments are used. Vaccines are available against some types of meningitis. The meningitis vaccine helps the immune system develop resistance to the microbes that cause the infection. Meningitis vaccines are very effective in preventing meningitis. However, no vaccine is 100% effective. Vaccinated people can still get meningitis, but the disease is usually milder and causes fewer complications.
Is meningitis contagious?
The contagiousness of meningitis depends on the causative agent of the disease. Bacteria can spread from person to person through respiratory droplets from coughing or sneezing. It can also be transmitted through close contact, such as kissing or sharing food or drinks with an infected person. Some types of viral meningitis are also contagious. Viruses can spread from person to person through respiratory droplets from coughing or sneezing. It can also be transmitted through close contact.
This information is for informational purposes only. If you have a medical problem, please consult your doctor.